词干变化动词 E:IE

 The main form of the verb is called the infinitive. The infinitive consists of two parts: the ending and the stem. The ending is the last two letters. There are only three different endings: -ar, -er, and -ir. The stem is everything else, except the ending.

hablar: ending = ar, stem = habl

comer: ending = er, stem = com

vivir: ending = ir, stem = viv

Some spanish verbs are called stem-changers because when they are conjugated, the stem changes in a predictable way. In one group of stem-changing verbs, the letter e in the stem changes to ie in all but the nosotros and vosotros forms. This particular type of stem-changing verb is found in all three verb types.

cerrar

yo cierro

tú cierras

él, ella, Ud. cierra

nosotros/as cerramos

vosotros/as cerráis

ellos, ellas, Uds. cierran

For a more complete discussion of verbs that change e:ie click here.

Here are some common e:ie stem-changing verbs.

acertar

to manage to

advertir

to alert

atender

to attend to

atravesar

to cross

calentar

to heat

cerrar

to close

comenzar

to begin

confesar

to confess

convertir

to convert

defender

to defend

despertar

to wake up

divertir

to amuse

empezar

to begin

encender

to light

entender

to understand

enterrar

to bury

fregar

to scrub

herir

to injure

hervir

to boil

mentir

to lie

merendar

to have lunch

negar

to deny

pensar

to think

perder

to lose

preferir

to prefer

querer

to want

regar

to water

sugerir

to suggest

temblar

to tremble

tender

to spread over

tropezar

to stumble on

verter

to spill